Disposals rarely die all at once. They give warnings for months, and most homeowners learn to work around them without realizing it. You run the water longer. You feed scraps in slowly. You hit the reset button and hope.
The clearest sign is a hum with no grinding. That means the motor's getting power but the flywheel can't turn, either because something's jammed or the bearings have seized. A jam is a quick fix. Seized bearings aren't. Other warning signs include water pooling in the cabinet, a sour smell that comes back a day after cleaning, and a unit that trips its reset button more than once a week. Grinding that sounds like metal on metal usually means a broken impeller or a loose part spinning in the chamber.
Age counts too. If you bought your disposal ten years ago, it's living on borrowed time.
Timing matters here in Michigan. Thanksgiving and the holiday-cooking stretch that follows are the hardest weeks of the year for a kitchen drain, with turkey fat, potato peels, and stuffing all headed down the same pipe. An old disposal that's been limping along tends to quit right in the middle of that. Scheduling garbage disposal installation in Bay City before November means the new unit is broken in and ready, and you won't be hand-washing roasting pans on a Thursday night while the sink backs up.